diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 678b679..dd476ef 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 obj/*
 Game
+*.xcf
diff --git a/res/glsl/fragment.glsl b/res/glsl/fragment.glsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1c49d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/res/glsl/fragment.glsl
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#version 450 core
+
+in vec3 textureCoord;
+
+out vec4 color;
+
+uniform sampler2DArray textureSampler;
+
+void main()
+{
+	color = texture(textureSampler, textureCoord);
+	if (color.w < 0.1) discard;
+}
diff --git a/res/glsl/vertex.glsl b/res/glsl/vertex.glsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b9aa740
--- /dev/null
+++ b/res/glsl/vertex.glsl
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#version 450 core
+
+layout (location = 0) in vec3 position;
+layout (location = 1) in vec2 texCoord;
+layout (location = 2) in float texIndex;
+layout (location = 3) in mat4 theModelMatrix;
+
+out vec3 textureCoord;
+
+uniform mat4 theViewMatrix;
+uniform mat4 theProjMatrix;
+
+void main()
+{
+	gl_Position = theProjMatrix * theViewMatrix * theModelMatrix * vec4(position, 1.0);
+	textureCoord = vec3(1.0 - texCoord.x, 1.0 - texCoord.y, texIndex);
+}
diff --git a/res/tex/texture.png b/res/tex/texture.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58c3ab2
Binary files /dev/null and b/res/tex/texture.png differ
diff --git a/src/camera.c b/src/camera.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a80666
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/camera.c
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#include <math.h>
+#include "camera.h"
+
+void Camera_Init(Camera* c)
+{
+	c->position[0] = -50.0f;
+	c->position[1] = 130.0f;
+	c->position[2] = 0.0f;
+	c->width[0] = 0.6f;
+	c->width[1] = 5.8f;
+	c->width[2] = 0.6f;
+	glm_vec3_zero(c->velocity);
+	glm_vec3_zero(c->look);
+	glm_vec3_zero(c->up);
+	glm_vec3_zero(c->front);
+	glm_vec3_zero(c->right);
+	glm_vec3_zero(c->rotation);
+}
+
+void Camera_GetViewMatrix(Camera* c, mat4 m)
+{
+	glm_lookat(c->position, c->look, c->up, m);
+}
+
+void Camera_UpdateVectors(Camera* c)
+{
+	if (c->rotation[0] > 180.0f) c->rotation[0] -= 360.0f;
+	else if (c->rotation[0] <= -180.0f) c->rotation[0] += 360.0f;
+
+	c->rotation[1] = glm_clamp(c->rotation[1], -89.0f, 89.0f);
+	c->rotation[2] = glm_clamp(c->rotation[2], -30.0f, 30.0f);
+
+	// calculate the front facing unit vector by yaw and pitch
+	c->front[0] = cos(glm_rad(c->rotation[0])) * cos(glm_rad(c->rotation[1]));
+	c->front[1] = sin(glm_rad(c->rotation[1]));
+	c->front[2] = sin(glm_rad(c->rotation[0])) * cos(glm_rad(c->rotation[1]));
+
+	// the look vector is the position + front
+	glm_vec3_add(c->position, c->front, c->look);
+
+	// reset the up vector
+	c->up[0] = 0.0f;
+	c->up[1] = 1.0f;
+	c->up[2] = 0.0f;
+	// cross product points to the right, perpendicular to both front and up
+	glm_vec3_cross(c->front, c->up, c->right);
+	// pitch up or down, around the axis of the cross product
+	glm_vec3_rotate(c->up, glm_rad(c->rotation[1]), c->right);
+	// roll around the axis of the front vector
+	glm_vec3_rotate(c->up, glm_rad(c->rotation[2]), c->front);
+	// recalculate right vector after rolling
+	glm_vec3_cross(c->front, c->up, c->right);
+}
diff --git a/src/camera.h b/src/camera.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8eefeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/camera.h
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "cglm/cglm.h"
+
+typedef struct
+{
+	vec3 position;
+	vec3 width;
+	vec3 velocity;
+	vec3 look;
+	vec3 up;
+	vec3 front;
+	vec3 right;
+	vec3 rotation;
+} Camera;
+
+void Camera_Init(Camera* c);
+void Camera_GetViewMatrix(Camera* c, mat4 m);
+void Camera_UpdateVectors(Camera* c);
diff --git a/src/game.c b/src/game.c
index 78b230f..554ebb2 100644
--- a/src/game.c
+++ b/src/game.c
@@ -1,32 +1,15 @@
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
-#include "SDL2/SDL.h"
 #include "SDL2/SDL_timer.h"
-#include "GL/glew.h"
-#include "SDL2/SDL_opengl.h"
 #include "game.h"
+#include "render.h"
+#include "camera.h"
 
 GameState *Game_New()
 {
 	GameState *gs = calloc(1, sizeof(GameState));
 	
-	SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO);
-	SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK, SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE);
-	SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4);
-	SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION, 5);
-	SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_STENCIL_SIZE, 8);
-	
-	gs->window = SDL_CreateWindow("Game", SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, 1920, 1080, SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL | SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE);;
-	gs->glContext = SDL_GL_CreateContext(gs->window);
-	printf("Created OpenGL window.\n");
-	
-	glewInit();
-	glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
-	glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
-	glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
-	glEnable(GL_BLEND);
-	glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
-	printf("Initialized OpenGL.\n");
+	if (!Render_Init(gs)) return NULL;
 	
 	gs->running = true;
 	return gs;
@@ -34,12 +17,20 @@ GameState *Game_New()
 
 void Game_Update(GameState *gs)
 {
-	SDL_Delay(100);
+	vec3 move;
+	glm_vec3_zero(move);
+	if (gs->input.w) move[0] = 0.3f;
+	else if (gs->input.s) move[0] = -0.3f;
+	if (gs->input.a) move[1] = 0.3f;
+	else if (gs->input.d) move[1] = -0.3f;
+	glm_vec3_add(gs->camera.position, move, gs->camera.position);
+	
+	Camera_UpdateVectors(&gs->camera);
+	SDL_Delay(5);
 }
 
 void Game_Destroy(GameState *gs)
 {
-	SDL_GL_DeleteContext(gs->glContext);
-	SDL_DestroyWindow(gs->window);
+	Render_Destroy(gs);
 	free(gs);
 }
diff --git a/src/game.h b/src/game.h
index 52ecff9..fb09d17 100644
--- a/src/game.h
+++ b/src/game.h
@@ -1,12 +1,31 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <stdbool.h>
+#include "SDL2/SDL.h"
+#include "cglm/cglm.h"
+#include "camera.h"
+#include "shape.h"
+
+typedef struct
+{
+	bool w;
+	bool a;
+	bool s;
+	bool d;
+} InputState;
 
 typedef struct
 {
 	bool running;
+	InputState input;
 	SDL_Window *window;
 	SDL_GLContext *glContext;
+	GLuint textureId;
+	int shaderProgramId;
+	Camera camera;
+	Shape *testShape;
+	mat4 projMatrix;
+	mat4 viewMatrix;
 } GameState;
 
 GameState *Game_New();
diff --git a/src/input.c b/src/input.c
index 7a1bd02..2dc003a 100644
--- a/src/input.c
+++ b/src/input.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "SDL2/SDL.h"
 #include "input.h"
+#include "camera.h"
 #include "game.h"
 
 static void HandleKeyDown(GameState *gs, SDL_KeyCode sym)
@@ -21,11 +22,40 @@ static void HandleKeyDown(GameState *gs, SDL_KeyCode sym)
 			SDL_SetWindowFullscreen(gs->window, windowFlags);
 		}
 		break;
+	
+	case SDLK_w: gs->input.w = true; break;
+	case SDLK_a: gs->input.a = true; break;
+	case SDLK_s: gs->input.s = true; break;
+	case SDLK_d: gs->input.d = true; break;
 	}
 }
 
 static void HandleKeyUp(GameState *gs, SDL_KeyCode sym)
 {
+	switch (sym)
+	{
+	case SDLK_w: gs->input.w = false; break;
+	case SDLK_a: gs->input.a = false; break;
+	case SDLK_s: gs->input.s = false; break;
+	case SDLK_d: gs->input.d = false; break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void HandleMouseMotion(SDL_MouseMotionEvent e, GameState* gs)
+{
+	const float sensitivity = 0.4f;
+	Camera *camera = &gs->camera;
+	camera->rotation[0] += e.xrel * sensitivity;
+	camera->rotation[1] -= e.yrel * sensitivity;
+}
+
+static void HandleMouseDown(SDL_MouseButtonEvent e, GameState* gs)
+{
+	switch (e.button)
+	{
+	case 1:
+		break;
+	}
 }
 
 void Input_Poll(GameState *gs)
@@ -49,6 +79,12 @@ void Input_Poll(GameState *gs)
 		case SDL_KEYUP:
 			HandleKeyUp(gs, sdlEvent.key.keysym.sym);
 			break;
+		case SDL_MOUSEMOTION:
+			HandleMouseMotion(sdlEvent.motion, gs);
+			break;
+		case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
+			HandleMouseDown(sdlEvent.button, gs);
+			break;
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/main.c b/src/main.c
index ac3e631..ff6f9de 100644
--- a/src/main.c
+++ b/src/main.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include "SDL2/SDL.h"
 #include "game.h"
 #include "input.h"
+#include "render.h"
 
 int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 	{
 		Input_Poll(gs);
 		Game_Update(gs);
+		Render_Draw(gs);
 	}
 	
 	printf("Shutting down...\n");
diff --git a/src/render.c b/src/render.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..387c7c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/render.c
@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "SDL2/SDL.h"
+#include "GL/glew.h"
+#include "SDL2/SDL_opengl.h"
+#define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "stb/stb_image.h"
+#include "cglm/cglm.h"
+#include "render.h"
+#include "camera.h"
+#include "game.h"
+#include "shape.h"
+
+static void LoadTextureArray(GLuint texture, const char* filePath, int nCols, int nRows)
+{
+	const int nMipmaps = 1;
+	int nTiles = nCols * nRows;
+	int tWidth, tHeight, tChannels;
+
+	unsigned char* textureBytes = stbi_load(filePath, &tWidth, &tHeight, &tChannels, 0);
+
+	tWidth /= nCols;
+	tHeight /= nRows;
+
+	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, texture);
+	glTexImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 0, GL_RGBA, tWidth, tHeight, nTiles, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL);
+
+	int tBytes = 4 * tWidth * tHeight;
+	unsigned char* buffer = malloc(tBytes * sizeof(unsigned char));
+
+	for (int z = 0; z < nTiles; z++)
+	{
+		for (int b = 0; b < tBytes; b++)
+		{
+			int bWidth = 4 * tWidth; // width of each tile in bytes
+			int i = ((z / nCols) * nCols * bWidth * tHeight)	// size (in bytes) of all tiles above
+				+ ((b / bWidth) * bWidth * nCols)				// size of pixel rows above, within the current tile row
+				+ ((z % nCols) * bWidth)						// width of tiles to the left
+				+ (b % bWidth);									// width from the left side of the current tile
+
+			buffer[b] = textureBytes[i];
+		}
+
+		glTexSubImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 0, 0, 0, z, tWidth, tHeight, 1, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, buffer);
+	}
+
+	free(buffer);
+
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_R, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
+	glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY);
+
+	stbi_image_free(textureBytes);
+}
+
+static void LoadTexture(GameState* gs)
+{
+	glGenTextures(1, &gs->textureId);
+	glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
+	glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(gs->shaderProgramId, "textureSampler"), 0);
+	LoadTextureArray(gs->textureId, "res/tex/texture.png", 8, 4);
+	printf("Loaded the texture array.\n");
+	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
+}
+
+static char **ReadFileLines(const char *path, int *n)
+{
+	const int MAX_LINES = 128;
+	const int MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 256;
+	
+	FILE *file = fopen(path, "r");
+	char line[MAX_LINE_LENGTH];
+	char **lines = calloc(MAX_LINES, sizeof(char*));
+	*n = 0;
+	
+	if (lines == NULL) return NULL;
+	
+	while (fgets(&(line[0]), MAX_LINE_LENGTH, file) != NULL && *n < MAX_LINES)
+	{
+		GLchar *l = strdup(&(line[0]));
+		if (l == NULL) return NULL;
+		lines[*n] = l;
+		(*n)++;
+	}
+	
+	fclose(file);
+	int s = sizeof(char*) * (*n);
+	lines = realloc(lines, s);
+	
+	return lines;
+}
+
+static void FreeLines(char **lines, int n)
+{
+	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
+	{
+		free(lines[i]);
+	}
+	
+	free(lines);
+}
+
+static int CompileShader(GLchar *sourcePath, GLenum shaderType, char ***outCode, int *outNumLines)
+{
+	GLint success;
+	*outCode = ReadFileLines(sourcePath, outNumLines);
+	GLuint shaderId = glCreateShader(shaderType);
+	glShaderSource(shaderId, *outNumLines, (void*)(*outCode), NULL);
+	glCompileShader(shaderId);
+	glGetShaderiv(shaderId, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
+	
+	if (!success)
+	{
+		GLchar log[512];
+		glGetShaderInfoLog(shaderId, 512, NULL, log);
+		printf("%s\n", log);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	
+	return shaderId;
+}
+
+static int LoadShaders()
+{
+	const char *vertShaderFilePath = "./res/glsl/vertex.glsl";
+	char **vertCode = NULL;
+	int vertNumLines;
+	int vertShaderId = CompileShader(vertShaderFilePath, GL_VERTEX_SHADER, &vertCode, &vertNumLines);
+	if (vertShaderId < 0) return vertShaderId;
+	
+	const char *fragShaderFilePath = "./res/glsl/fragment.glsl";
+	char **fragCode = NULL;
+	int fragNumLines;
+	int fragShaderId = CompileShader(fragShaderFilePath, GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, &fragCode, &fragNumLines);
+	if (fragShaderId < 0 ) return fragShaderId;
+	
+	GLint success;
+	GLuint shaderProgramId = glCreateProgram();
+	glAttachShader(shaderProgramId, vertShaderId);
+	glAttachShader(shaderProgramId, fragShaderId);
+	glLinkProgram(shaderProgramId);
+	glGetProgramiv(shaderProgramId, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
+	
+	if (!success)
+	{
+		GLchar log[512];
+		glGetProgramInfoLog(shaderProgramId, 512, NULL, log);
+		printf("%s", log);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	
+	glDeleteShader(vertShaderId);
+	glDeleteShader(fragShaderId);
+	FreeLines(vertCode, vertNumLines);
+	FreeLines(fragCode, fragNumLines);
+	
+	return shaderProgramId;
+}
+
+static void InitShapeBuffers(Shape *shape)
+{
+	glBindVertexArray(shape->VAO);
+	
+	// vertex buffer: contains vertex and texture coords
+	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, shape->VBO);
+	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, shape->numVertices * sizeof(GLfloat), shape->vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+	GLsizei stride = 5 * sizeof(GLfloat);
+	
+	// vertex coordinates
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
+	glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, stride, (GLvoid*)0);
+	
+	// texture coordinates
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
+	glVertexAttribPointer(1, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, stride, (GLvoid*)(3 * sizeof(GLfloat)));
+	
+	// instance buffer: contains per-instance texture index and model transformation matrix
+	// therefore each instance of the same shape, in the same draw call, can have a different texture and transformation
+	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, shape->IBO);
+	stride = SHAPE_INSTANCE_SIZE;
+	
+	// texture index: basically another tex coord in the third dimension because a texture array is used
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
+	glVertexAttribPointer(2, 1, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, stride, (GLvoid*)0);
+	glVertexAttribDivisor(2, 1);
+	
+	// model matrix: contains 16 floats, each vert attrib has space for 4 floats, therefore it spans 4 attrib locations
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(3);
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(4);
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(5);
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(6);
+	glVertexAttribPointer(3, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, stride, (GLvoid*)(1 * sizeof(GLfloat)));
+	glVertexAttribPointer(4, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, stride, (GLvoid*)(5 * sizeof(GLfloat)));
+	glVertexAttribPointer(5, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, stride, (GLvoid*)(9 * sizeof(GLfloat)));
+	glVertexAttribPointer(6, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, stride, (GLvoid*)(13 * sizeof(GLfloat)));
+	glVertexAttribDivisor(3, 1);
+	glVertexAttribDivisor(4, 1);
+	glVertexAttribDivisor(5, 1);
+	glVertexAttribDivisor(6, 1);
+	
+	// index buffer: contains vertex indices, reducing the data to be buffered on the GPU
+	glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, shape->EBO);
+	glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, shape->numIndices * sizeof(GLushort), shape->indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+	
+	glBindVertexArray(0);
+}
+
+bool Render_Init(GameState *gs)
+{
+	SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO);
+	SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK, SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE);
+	SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4);
+	SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION, 5);
+	SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_STENCIL_SIZE, 8);
+	
+	gs->window = SDL_CreateWindow("Game", SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, 1920, 1080, SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL | SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE);;
+	gs->glContext = SDL_GL_CreateContext(gs->window);
+	printf("Created OpenGL window.\n");
+	
+	glewInit();
+	gs->shaderProgramId = LoadShaders();
+	
+	if (gs->shaderProgramId < 0)
+	{
+		printf("Failed to load shaders.\n");
+	}
+	
+	glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
+	glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
+	glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
+	glEnable(GL_BLEND);
+	glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
+	printf("Initialized OpenGL.\n");
+	
+	Shape *shape = Shape_MakePyramid(3);
+	gs->testShape = shape;
+	glGenVertexArrays(1, &shape->VAO);
+	glGenBuffers(1, &shape->VBO);
+	glGenBuffers(1, &shape->IBO);
+	glGenBuffers(1, &shape->EBO);
+	
+	LoadTexture(gs);
+	Camera_Init(&gs->camera);
+	
+	InitShapeBuffers(gs->testShape);
+}
+
+void Render_Destroy(GameState *gs)
+{
+	SDL_GL_DeleteContext(gs->glContext);
+	SDL_DestroyWindow(gs->window);
+}
+
+// Sets the GL viewport while maintaining aspect ratio.
+// Calculates the projection and view matrices.
+static void SetViewport(GameState *gs)
+{
+	const float ratio = 0.5625f; // 1080/1920
+	int wWidth, wHeight, offsetX, offsetY;
+	SDL_GL_GetDrawableSize(gs->window, &wWidth, &wHeight);
+
+	if ((float)wHeight / (float)wWidth > ratio)
+	{
+		int temp = (int)floorf(ratio * (float)wWidth);
+		offsetX = 0;
+		offsetY = (wHeight - temp) / 2;
+		wHeight = temp;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		int temp = (int)floorf((float)wHeight / ratio);
+		offsetX = (wWidth - temp) / 2;
+		offsetY = 0;
+		wWidth = temp;
+	}
+
+	glViewport(offsetX, offsetY, wWidth, wHeight);
+
+	glm_mat4_identity(gs->projMatrix);
+	glm_perspective(45.0f, (GLfloat)wWidth / (GLfloat)wHeight, 0.1f, 2000.0f, gs->projMatrix);
+
+	glm_mat4_identity(gs->viewMatrix);
+	Camera_GetViewMatrix(&gs->camera, gs->viewMatrix);
+}
+
+void Render_Draw(GameState *gs)
+{
+	glClearColor(0.4f, 0.6f, 0.8f, 1.0f);
+	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+	glLoadIdentity();
+	SetViewport(gs);
+	
+	glUseProgram(gs->shaderProgramId);
+	GLint projLoc = glGetUniformLocation(gs->shaderProgramId, "theProjMatrix");
+	glUniformMatrix4fv(projLoc, 1, GL_FALSE, (void*)(gs->projMatrix));
+	GLint viewLoc = glGetUniformLocation(gs->shaderProgramId, "theViewMatrix");
+	glUniformMatrix4fv(viewLoc, 1, GL_FALSE, (void*)(gs->viewMatrix));
+	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gs->textureId);
+	vec3 scale = { 0, 0, 0 };
+	
+	Shape *shape = gs->testShape;
+	glBindVertexArray(shape->VAO);
+	
+	// apply transformations to each instance
+	for (int j = 0; j < shape->numInstances; j++)
+	{
+		ShapeInstance* instance = shape->instances + j;
+		mat4* matrix = (void*)(shape->instanceData + (j * 17) + 1);
+		mat4 tempMat;
+		glm_mat4_identity(tempMat);
+		
+		glm_translate(tempMat, instance->position);
+		glm_rotate_x(tempMat, instance->rotation[0], tempMat);
+		glm_rotate_y(tempMat, instance->rotation[1], tempMat);
+		glm_rotate_z(tempMat, instance->rotation[2], tempMat);
+		
+		scale[0] = instance->scale;
+		scale[1] = instance->scale;
+		scale[2] = instance->scale;
+		glm_scale(tempMat, scale);
+		
+		memcpy(matrix, tempMat, sizeof(mat4));
+	}
+	
+	// re-buffer the instance data because transformations may have changed
+	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, shape->IBO);
+	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, shape->numInstances * SHAPE_INSTANCE_SIZE, shape->instanceData, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);
+	
+	glDrawElementsInstanced(GL_TRIANGLES, shape->numIndices, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, 0, shape->numInstances);
+	
+	SDL_GL_SwapWindow(gs->window);
+}
diff --git a/src/render.h b/src/render.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cdba0ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/render.h
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include "game.h"
+
+bool Render_Init(GameState *gs);
+void Render_Destroy(GameState *gs);
+void Render_Draw(GameState *gs);
diff --git a/src/shape.c b/src/shape.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c93668
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/shape.c
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "GL/glew.h"
+#include "cglm/cglm.h"
+#include "shape.h"
+
+Shape *Shape_MakePyramid(int numInstances)
+{
+	GLfloat vertices[] =
+	{
+		-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,		0.0f, 0.0f,
+		 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,		1.0f, 0.0f,
+		 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,		1.0f, 1.0f,
+		-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,		0.0f, 0.0f,
+		 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,		1.0f, 1.0f,
+		-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,		0.0f, 1.0f,
+
+		 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,		1.0f, 0.0f,
+		-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,		0.0f, 0.0f,
+		 0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,		0.5f, 1.0f,
+
+		 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,		1.0f, 0.0f,
+		 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,		0.0f, 0.0f,
+		 0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,		0.5f, 1.0f,
+
+		-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,		1.0f, 0.0f,
+		 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,		0.0f, 0.0f,
+		 0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,		0.5f, 1.0f,
+
+		-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,		1.0f, 0.0f,
+		-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,		0.0f, 0.0f,
+		 0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,		0.5f, 1.0f,
+	};
+	
+	GLushort indices[] =
+	{
+		0, 1, 2,
+		3, 4, 5,
+		6, 7, 8,
+		9, 10, 11,
+		12, 13, 14,
+		15, 16, 17
+	};
+	
+	size_t numBytesVertices = sizeof(vertices);
+	size_t numBytesIndices = sizeof(indices);
+	
+	Shape *shape = malloc(sizeof(Shape) + numBytesVertices + numBytesIndices);
+	void *tempPtr = (void*)(shape + 1);
+	shape->vertices = tempPtr;
+	shape->numVertices = numBytesVertices / sizeof(vertices[0]);
+	shape->indices = tempPtr + numBytesVertices;
+	shape->numIndices = numBytesIndices / sizeof(indices[0]);
+	
+	memcpy(shape->vertices, vertices, numBytesVertices);
+	memcpy(shape->indices, indices, numBytesIndices);
+	
+	shape->instances = calloc(numInstances, sizeof(ShapeInstance) + SHAPE_INSTANCE_SIZE);
+	shape->instanceData = (void*)(shape->instances + numInstances);
+	shape->numInstances = numInstances;
+	
+	for (int i = 0; i < numInstances; i++)
+	{
+		ShapeInstance *instance = shape->instances + i;
+		instance->position[0] = -4.0f;
+		instance->position[0] = 0.0f;
+		instance->position[0] = (5.0f * i) - 2.0f;
+		instance->scale = 1.0f;
+		instance->collisionRadius = 1.0f;
+		glm_vec3_zero(instance->velocity);
+		glm_vec3_zero(instance->rotation);
+		float *textureId = shape->instanceData + (i * 17);
+		*textureId = 0;
+		mat4 *matrix = (void*)(textureId + 1);
+	}
+	
+	return shape;
+}
+
+void *Shape_Destroy(Shape *shape)
+{
+	free(shape);
+}
diff --git a/src/shape.h b/src/shape.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6291584
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/shape.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "GL/glew.h"
+#include "cglm/cglm.h"
+
+enum
+{
+	SHAPE_INSTANCE_SIZE = sizeof(float) + sizeof(mat4)
+};
+
+typedef struct
+{
+	vec3 position;
+	vec3 rotation;
+	vec3 velocity;
+	float scale;
+	float collisionRadius;
+	
+} ShapeInstance;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+	GLfloat *vertices;
+	int numVertices;
+	GLushort *indices;
+	int numIndices;
+	ShapeInstance *instances;
+	float *instanceData;
+	int numInstances;
+	
+	GLuint VAO;
+	GLuint VBO;
+	GLuint IBO;
+	GLuint EBO;
+} Shape;
+
+Shape *Shape_MakePyramid(int numInstances);